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Orpheus is organised not by subject but by temperament. Choose a way to think, and the essays will follow.
Let’s understand Kant’s system of ethics. I have noticed that most philosophy students with only a basic understanding tend to limit Kant’s ethics to just Universalization, though his…
Starting with clearing a misconception that Epicureanism == Hedonism. Epicureanism as compared to hedonism, is more of a systematic philosophy also having a proper epistemological and metaphysical framework;…
Introduction to Utilitarianism: Utilitarianism was presented by James Mill and his friend Jeremy Bentham, although its form can be found in ancient Greece, but they gave it the…
The theory of objective morality has it’s roots in Greece, it is the idea that an action is morally permissible only if a deity orders it, and an…
Epicurean Epistemology: Criteria for truth: Epicurean epistemology has three criteria of truth: The first criterion, sensation, holds that all sense perceptions are inherently true and are unable to…
Previously we discussed Epicurean ethics, and as I mentioned, his hedonism was a systematic hedonism with a proper metaphysical/epistemological framework. Because he had a huge influence on 17th-century…
Plato’s Timaeus present a cosmology in which the Demiurge plays an important role in shaping the cosmos according to the eternal Forms. But, the claim that Forms are…
Syllogism In his book Prior Analytics, Aristotle introduced the concept of syllogism. Syllogism is a form of reasoning through which conclusions can be drawn based on specific assumptions…
Friedrich Nietzsche’s famous phrase “God is dead” first appears in his book The Gay Science (Die fröhliche Wissenschaft) in the poem The Madman. In this poem, a madman…
Epicurean Epistemology: Criteria for truth: Epicurean epistemology has three criteria of truth: The first criterion, sensation, holds that all sense perceptions are inherently true and are unable to…
Historical Background of Liberalism Liberalism began in 17th-century England. Though it was formally introduced as an ideology by the famous British philosopher and founder of modern empiricism, John…
Mill believed that although we should restrict those actions that harm others as much as possible, we should never suppress freedom of expression. Mill says that when truth…
People often ask that according to liberalism, if an individual becomes completely free in their decisions, would they also be free to harm others? The answer to this…
Rawls proposes a hypothetical situation what he calls ” The veil of ignorance” where you are the one who will determine social structure, but the catch is you…
What is a mere essence of a state? The basic purpose of a state is self-preservation, protecting the lives of its citizens. However, in Pakistan, religiously motivated violence…
God is a collection of attributes. Does this not mean God depends on these attributes? And can these attributes exist without their effects? For example, can God remain…
Aristotle didn’t believe in an anthropomorphic god as the Judeo-Christian/Abrahamic god but rather a deistic god. He thought of him as the unmoved mover by virtue of whom…
What is God? Everyone has their own definition of it. Some say he’s the first cause, while others precieve him to be someone who’s watching them all the…
If God already knows, with absolute certainty, what choices we will make in the future, then the future is already determined. No matter how much we feel that…
The ontological argument intends to prove the existence of god by the concept of god himself. What I mean by this Is that it intends to prove existence…
Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) presented five philosophical arguments to prove God’s existence in his work Summa Theologica. These arguments, known as the “Five Ways” (Quinque Viæ), rational proofs…
Zoroastrianism, also known as Mazdaism, is an ancient Aryan religion believed to have originated around 3500 years ago or, according to some traditions, 2500 BCE in Persia. It…
–Burden of proof and Russell’s teapot analogy: Assume that a teapot is orbiting the Earth and the Sun. It is so small that it is impossible to observe…
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1 essayHow to Master the Art of Living a Meaningful Life
Instead of asking on why to live? We should be focusing on how to live…When you’re facing existential crisis, think about every beautiful, small thing that makes life…